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2.1 Increased market liquidityImprovement of market stability: the entry of long-term funds into the market will help reduce short-term fluctuations in the market and improve market stability, which is of positive significance to the healthy development of the capital market.The aging of the population is increasing: the proportion of people over 60 years old in China continues to increase, and it is expected to reach 29.9% by 2040, which poses great pressure on the existing old-age security system.

Improve market efficiency: the transparency and low rate of index funds help to improve market efficiency, reduce transaction costs and increase investor participation.Market scale growth: The inclusion of index funds is expected to attract more individual pensions to participate, thus increasing market scale and improving market liquidity.The expansion of individual pension system is an important step in the development of multi-level pension insurance system in China, aiming at meeting the challenges brought by the aging population. According to the latest policy, the personal pension system will be extended to the whole country on December 15th, 2024, and the first batch of 85 equity index funds will be included in the catalogue of personal pension investment products. The implementation background of this policy is mainly based on the following points:

Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.The pressure on basic old-age insurance is increasing: with the aging population, the growth rate of basic old-age insurance fund expenditure exceeds the growth rate of income, and it is estimated that the basic old-age pension gap will be close to 3 trillion yuan by 2030.Increase investment options: Incorporating index funds provides more investment options for individual pension investors, enriches the product line and meets the needs of investors with different risk preferences.